जय हिन्द दोस्तों, आज इस पोस्ट के माध्यम से बिहार बोर्ड कक्षा 10th के अंग्रेजी बुक Poetry (Bihar Board Class 10 English Book Solutions Chapter 1 in Hindi) के चैप्टर 1 "God Made the Country" (ईश्वर ने गाँव बनाया) के प्रत्येक पंक्ति की व्याख्या को देखेंगे, पढ़ेंगे, साथ ही चैप्टर 1 के उत्तर देखेंगे। जिसके लेखक William Cowper हैं।
GOD MADE THE COUNTRY Solution in Hindi
WILLIAM COWPER (1731–1800) may be said to be giving in his poems a foretaste of the poetry of Wordsworth.
विलियम कूपर (1731-1800) की कविताओं में वर्ड्सवर्थ की कविता की झलक मिलती है।
There is in his works the same deep respect for the rural life, the common people, and the lovely, quiet landscape.
उनकी रचनाओं में ग्रामीण जीवन, आम लोगों और सुंदर, शांत परिदृश्य के प्रति वही गहरा सम्मान झलकता है।
Like Wordsworth again, he did not hesitate in giving clear-cut opinions about the issues of his time.
वर्ड्सवर्थ की ही तरह, उन्होंने भी अपने समय के मुद्दों पर स्पष्ट राय देने में कोई संकोच नहीं किया।
It is a paradox that the poets and dramatists who lived in cities or state capitals have written powerfully about the beauty of rural life.
यह एक विरोधाभास है कि शहरों या राज्य की राजधानियों में रहने वाले कवियों और नाटककारों ने ग्रामीण जीवन की सुंदरता के बारे में सशक्त रूप से लिखा है।
The simplicity of the common villagers engaged in humble professions, the abundance of natural life in the flora and the fauna, and the peaceful living they together make have always inspired poets to write on life in the countryside.
साधारण ग्रामीणों की सादगी, जो साधारण व्यवसायों में लगे हुए हैं, वनस्पतियों और जीवों में प्राकृतिक जीवन की प्रचुरता और उनके द्वारा मिलकर बिताया जाने वाला शांतिपूर्ण जीवन, हमेशा से कवियों को ग्रामीण जीवन पर लिखने के लिए प्रेरित करता रहा है।
Cowper's poem is a classic example of this kind of writing. The first line of the poem – "God made the country and man made the town" – truly sums up the creation of the countryside and the evolution of towns.
कूपर की कविता इस प्रकार के लेखन का एक उत्कृष्ट उदाहरण है। कविता की पहली पंक्ति – "ईश्वर ने देश बनाया और मनुष्य ने शहर" – ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों के निर्माण और शहरों के विकास को सही मायने में समाहित करती है।
Being created naturally, villages possess a perfection that towns and cities can never have.
प्राकृतिक रूप से निर्मित होने के कारण, गांवों में एक ऐसी पूर्णता होती है जो कस्बों और शहरों में कभी नहीं हो सकती।
Addressing the town-dwellers, the poet sheds light on the virtues of rural life and exhorts them to escape from artificial luxury and comfort to the simple but enduring pleasures of a village.
शहरवासियों को संबोधित करते हुए, कवि ग्रामीण जीवन के गुणों पर प्रकाश डालता है और उन्हें कृत्रिम विलासिता और आराम से दूर होकर गांव के सरल, लेकिन स्थायी सुखों की ओर जाने के लिए प्रेरित करता है।
God made the country, and man made the town. What wonder then that health and virtue, gifts That can alone make sweet the bitter draught That life holds out to all, should most abound And least be threatened in the fields and groves? Possess ye, therefore, ye, who borne about In chariots and sedans, know no fatigue But that of idleness, and taste no scenes But such as art contrives, possess ye still Your element; there only can ye shine; There only minds like yours can do no harm. Our groves were planted to console at noon The pensive wanderer in their shades. At eve, the moonbeam, sliding softly in between The sleeping leaves, is all the light they wish, Birds warbling all the music. We can spare The splendour of your lamps; they but eclipse Our softer satellite. Your songs confound Our more harmonious notes: the thrush departs Scar'd, and th' offended nightingale is mute...,
ईश्वर ने देश बनाया, और मनुष्य ने नगर। तो फिर आश्चर्य की क्या बात है कि स्वास्थ्य और सद्गुण, वे उपहार जो जीवन के कड़वे घूंट को मीठा बना सकते हैं, खेतों और उपवनों में सबसे अधिक प्रचुर मात्रा में पाए जाते हैं और सबसे कम खतरे में होते हैं? इसलिए, तुम, जो रथों और पालकियों में घूमते हो, केवल आलस्य की थकान जानते हो, और केवल कला द्वारा रचित दृश्यों का आनंद लेते हो, अपने तत्व को बनाए रखो; केवल वहीं तुम चमक सकते हो; केवल वहीं तुम्हारे जैसे मन कोई हानि नहीं कर सकते। हमारे उपवन दोपहर में उदास यात्रियों को अपनी छाया में सांत्वना देने के लिए लगाए गए थे। शाम को, सोए हुए पत्तों के बीच धीरे से सरकती हुई चंद्रमा की किरण ही उनकी एकमात्र इच्छा होती है, पक्षियों का चहचहाना ही सारा संगीत होता है। हम तुम्हारे दीपों की चमक को छोड़ सकते हैं; वे हमारे कोमल उपग्रह को ग्रहण लगा देते हैं। तुम्हारे गीत हमारे अधिक सुरीले स्वरों को भ्रमित कर देते हैं: चिड़िया भयभीत होकर चली जाती है, और नाराज बुलबुल चुप हो जाती है...
Chapter 1 Solutions Questions and Answers
A. Answer the following questions briefly:
1. Do you belong to a village? Which natural scenes and objects there attract you most?
Ans - Yes, I belong to a village. My village is a beautiful and peaceful place surrounded by nature. The green fields, tall trees, colourful flowers, ponds, and fresh air attract me the most. I also like the sight of birds flying in the open sky and cattle grazing in the fields. The rising and setting sun, the cool breeze and the sound of birds make the village very pleasant. These natural scenes and objects give me peace and happiness. I love the simple and natural life of my village.
2. Do you belong to a town? What things there cause annoyance to you?
Ans - Yes, I belong to a town. Although a town provides many useful facilities, some things cause annoyance to me. The heavy traffic, noise of vehicles, busy roads, pollution, and rush of people are very disturbing. The smoke from vehicles and factories makes the air unhealthy. The loud horns and constant noise make it difficult to enjoy peace and quiet. Garbage lying on the roads and overcrowding also cause inconvenience. I sometimes wish to live in a peaceful village surrounded by trees and fresh air.
B. Answer the following questions briefly:
1. Where do you find health and virtue?
Ans - We find health and virtue in the country. The countryside provides fresh air, pure water, green fields, natural beauty, and a peaceful environment. People living close to nature generally lead a simple and healthy life. The quiet surroundings and simple habits also help people develop good qualities and virtues. Therefore, the poet considers the country a place of health, peace and virtue.
2. Where do you find fields and groves?
Ans - We find fields and groves in the country. The countryside is full of green fields, trees and shady groves. These make the country beautiful, peaceful and pleasant. The fields provide crops, while the groves provide shade and shelter to people and birds.
3. What is the source of light in villages in the evening?
Ans - The moon and stars are the natural sources of light in villages in the evening. They make the village look beautiful and peaceful. In the poem, the natural light of the evening adds to the beauty and charm of village life.
4. Why is the nightingale mute in a town?
Ans - The nightingale is mute in a town because the town is full of noise, pollution, and disturbance. The sounds of vehicles, machines and busy people disturb the peaceful atmosphere. Therefore, the nightingale cannot sing freely as it does in the quiet countryside.
GLOSSARY AND NOTES
abound: to be in plenty
threaten: to intimidate by threats
sedan: a covered chair to be carried on poles
fatigue: exhaustion
contrive: to make something happen
pensive: sad
confound: to create confusion
thrush: a songbird
Ans -
| Word | English Meaning | Hindi Meaning |
| Abound | to be in plenty | Prachur matra mein hona / Bahutayath mein hona (प्रचुर मात्रा में होना) |
| Threaten | to intimidate by threats | Dhamkana / Darana (धमकाना) |
| Sedan | a covered chair to be carried on poles | Palaki / Doli (पालकी / डोली) |
| Fatigue | exhaustion | Thakaan / Thakaawat (थकान) |
| Contrive | to make something happen | Upay nikalna / Yojna banana (उपाय निकालना) |
| Pensive | sad | Chintagrast / Udas (चिंताग्रस्त / उदास) |
| Confound | to create confusion | Bhramit karna / Ulajhna (भ्रमित करना) |
| Thrush | a songbird | Ek prakaar ki gaane wali chidiya (एक गाने वाली चिड़िया) |
C. 1. LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Why does the poet believe that God made the country?
Ans - The poet believes that God made the country because the countryside is full of natural beauty, peace and happiness. It has green fields, beautiful trees, shady groves, singing birds and fresh air. The villages are surrounded by nature and provide a calm and peaceful atmosphere. People living in the countryside enjoy a simple and healthy life close to nature. All these beautiful and peaceful things make the poet feel that the country was specially created by God. Therefore, the poet says that God made the country a beautiful and peaceful place.
2. Why does the poet believe that man made the town?
Ans - The poet believes that man made the town because towns are full of things created by human beings. There are tall buildings, busy roads, factories, shops and many other man-made structures. Unlike the countryside, towns are crowded, noisy and polluted. The natural beauty and peace of the countryside are replaced by concrete buildings, smoke and noise. Therefore, the poet feels that the town is the creation of man, not God.
3. Why is life bitter?
Ans - Life is bitter because modern human life has become full of noise, pollution, competition, and artificiality. People have moved away from the peace and beauty of nature. The towns are crowded and busy, and people have little time to enjoy the simple pleasures of life. Thus, the loss of natural beauty and peaceful surroundings makes life bitter.
4. What can make our life sweet?
And - Our life can be made sweet by living close to nature and enjoying its beauty and peace. Green fields, trees, flowers, birds, fresh air,r and quiet surroundings bring happiness to our hearts. A simple life, love, kindness, and peace can also make our life pleasant and meaningful. Therefore, we should protect nature and live in harmony with it to make our life sweet.
5. What function do groves perform in a village?
Ans - Groves provide shade and shelter to the villagers. They also make the village beautiful, cool and peaceful. Birds build their nests in the trees of the groves, and people enjoy their pleasant surroundings.
6. What are the birds scared of? Explain.
Ans - The birds are scared of the noise and disturbance caused by human activities. The cutting of trees, construction of buildings,s and increasing pollution have destroyed their peaceful natural surroundings. Therefore, the birds feel unsafe and frightened.
C. 2. GROUP DISCUSSION
1. The villages are no longer beautiful and peaceful. Discuss.
Ans - The villages are no longer beautiful and peaceful because modern development has changed their natural beauty. Trees have been cut down, roads and buildings have increased, and pollution has disturbed the peaceful atmosphere. The simple and natural life of the villagers has also changed. Thus, the villages have lost much of their former beauty, freshness, and peace.
2. Towns are important for the progress of civilization. Discuss.
Ans - Yes, towns are important for the progress of civilization. Towns provide better facilities for education, business, transport, industries, es and healthcare. They create employment opportunities and help people develop new ideas and technologies. Schools, colleges, offices, markets, factories and hospitals are mostly found in towns. These facilities contribute greatly to the economic and social development of society. However, towns should also be planned properly to control pollution, overcrowding and noise. Thus, towns play an important role in the progress of civilization.
C. 3. COMPOSITION
1. You spent your summer vacation in a village with a friend. Write a letter to another friend, telling him the things you enjoyed there.
Ans - Letter Writing
45, Gandhi Nagar, Patna
9 August 2026
Dear Rohan,
I hope you are fine and healthy. I am writing this letter to tell you about my summer vacation, which I spent in a village with my friend.
I enjoyed my stay in the village very much. The village was surrounded by green fields, trees, and beautiful groves. The fresh air and peaceful atmosphere were very pleasant. Every morning, I woke up to the sweet songs of birds. I also enjoyed walking through the fields and watching the farmers at work.
One of the most enjoyable experiences was bathing in the river and playing outdoor games with village children. In the evening, we sat under big trees and listened to interesting stories told by the elders. The simple lifestyle of the villagers impressed me greatly.
The village life was calm, healthy, and free from the noise and pollution of the city. I learned many useful things about nature and rural life. It was a wonderful experience that I will always remember.
Please write back soon and tell me how you spent your summer vacation.
Yours sincerely,
Sagam
2. Write a paragraph on the trees that are found in your village.
Ans - Trees in My Village
There are many kinds of trees in my village. Mango, neem, banyan, peepal, bamboo, and guava trees are commonly found there. These trees make the village green, beautiful, and peaceful. The mango trees give us delicious fruits, while neem and peepal trees provide cool shade and fresh air. Birds build their nests on the branches of these trees. People often sit under the shady trees and take rest. Trees also help to keep the air clean and protect the environment. I love the trees in my village because they make village life pleasant and healthy.
D. WORD STUDY
D1. Dictionary Use
1. Correct the spelling of the following words:
abound
kontrie
cedan
pencive
idelness
eklips
Ans - 1. abound → abound
2. kontrie → country
3. cedan → sedan
4. pencive → pensive
5. idelness →idleness
6. eklips → eclipse
2. Complete the following sentences with the words given below:
idleness, taste, wanderer, pensive, offended, confounded
1. He __________ to beat me.
2. __________ will not let you rise in life.
3. Did you __________ the sweet dish?
4. Like a __________, I just moved here and there.
5. Having failed at the examination, he was in a __________ mood.
6. His words __________ me and I could not speak.
7. __________ were the vehicles of gods and kings.
8. The teacher was __________ when Raju went absent.
Ans -
1. He offended to beat me.
2. Idleness will not let you rise in life.
3. Did you taste the sweet dish?
4. Like a wanderer, I just moved here and there.
5. Having failed at the examination, he was in a pensive mood.
6. His words confounded me, and I could not speak.
7. Sedans were the vehicles of gods and kings.
8. The teacher was offended when Raju went absent.
D. 2. Word Formation
1. Several verbs are made by adding suffixes to nouns at the end:
eg.
threat (n) threaten (v)
haste(n) hasten(v)
light (adj) lighten (v)
mad (n) madden (v)
strength (n) strengthen (v)
Use these verbs in sentences of your own.
Ans - 1. Threaten – The robber threatened the shopkeeper with a knife.
2. Hasten – We should hasten our steps because it is getting late.
3. Lighten – The bright light lightened the dark room.
4. Madden – His rude behaviour maddened me.
5. Strengthen – Regular exercise strengthens our body.
2. By using '- er' at the end of an adjective, we give it a comparative form
eg.
soft — softer
kind — kinder
sharp — sharper
thin — thinner
dark — darker
thick — thicker
Now make comparative adjectives by adding - er to the following:
big sweet tasty old out
white black green small large
Ans - 1. big → bigger
2. sweet → sweeter
3. tasty → tastier
4. old → older
5. out → outer
6. white → whiter
7. black → blacker
8. green → greener
9. small → smaller
10. large → larger
D. 3. Word Meaning: Match the following words in column 'A' with their meanings given in column 'B'
A B
threaten exhaustion
fatigue natural quality
element express a threat
spare frightened
splendour brilliance
scared additional to what is required
Ans - 1. Threaten — Express a threat
2. Fatigue — Exhaustion
3. Element — Natural quality
4. Spare — Additional to what is required
5. Splendour — Brilliance
6. Scared — Frightened
E. GRAMMAR
On many occasions, we simply connect two sentences by using and -
eg. God made the country, and man made the town.
We went to the market, and we also went to the cinema.
Now join the following sentences with and -
1. Raju wrote letters. He posted them.
2. Mother cooked dinner. She served it.
3. The teacher taught the lesson. He asked us to do exercises.
4. Rajan saw a puppy in the street. He brought it home.
5. The boys were playing. They were making a noise.
6. The king gave him land. The queen gave him jewels.
7. He went to the circus. His friends went to the cinema.
8. We will go to Delhi. They will go to Jaipur.
9. My father is in the drawing room. I am in the study.
Ans - 1. Raju wrote letters, and he posted them.
2. Mother cooked dinner, and she served it.
3. The teacher taught the lesson, and he asked us to do exercises.
4. Rajan saw a puppy in the street, and he brought it home.
5. The boys were playing, and they were making a noise.
6. The king gave him land, and the queen gave him jewels.
7. He went to the circus, and his friends went to the cinema.
8. We will go to Delhi, and they will go to Jaipur.
9. My father is in the drawing room, and I am in the study.
F. ACTIVITIES
1. Collect four poems in Hindi that deal with village life.
Ans - 1. ग्राम श्री — सुमित्रानंदन पंत
2. गाँव का घर — केदारनाथ सिंह
3. चिट्ठियाँ — नागार्जुन
4. गाँव की याद — त्रिलोचन
2. Write a short profile of a village you have visited / the village you belong to.
Ans - My village is a beautiful and peaceful place surrounded by green fields and trees. It is situated near a small river. Most of the people in my village are farmers and depend mainly on agriculture for their livelihood. The village has a school, a small market, a temple and a health centre. There are many mango, neem, banyan and peepal trees in the village. The people are simple, friendly and helpful. In the morning, the fresh air, chirping of birds and greenery make the village very pleasant. Life in my village is simple, healthy and close to nature. I love my village very much.
G. TRANSLATION
Translate the following into English:
1. इस फल को मत खाओ।
2. धूप में मत खेलो।
3. बाजार शाम में जाओ।
4. प्रतिदिन व्यायाम करो।
5. नियमित रूप से अध्ययन करो।
6. धार्मिक पुस्तकों का अध्ययन करो।
7. कुछ समय छोटे भाई-बहनों के साथ बिताओ।
8. रोज अखबार पढ़ो।
9. रोज कुछ नए अंग्रेजी के शब्द सीखो।
10. कमरे की खिड़कियाँ खोल दो।
Ans - 1. इस फल को मत खाओ।
Do not eat this fruit.
2. धूप में मत खेलो।
Do not play in the sun.
3. बाजार शाम में जाओ।
Go to the market in the evening.
4. प्रतिदिन व्यायाम करो।
Exercise every day.
5. नियमित रूप से अध्ययन करो।
Study regularly.
6. धार्मिक पुस्तकों का अध्ययन करो।
Read religious books.
7. कुछ समय छोटे भाई-बहनों के साथ बिताओ।
Spend some time with your younger brothers and sisters.
8. रोज अखबार पढ़ो।
Read the newspaper every day.
9. रोज कुछ नए अंग्रेजी के शब्द सीखो।
Learn some new English words every day.
10. कमरे की खिड़कियाँ खोल दो।
Open the windows of the room.
यदि आपको बिहार बोर्ड कक्षा 10 के इंग्लिश बुक से सम्बंधित कोई समस्या आती है, तो आप हमें कमेंट के माध्यम से पुछ सकते है, हम आपको इसका जबाब जरुर देंगे। आपका बहुत - बहुत धन्यवाद।
