नमस्कार मेरे प्यारे भाइयों और बहनों, आज हमलोग इस पोस्ट के माध्यम से बिहार बोर्ड कक्षा 10th के अंग्रेजी बुक के चैप्टर 3 "Gillu" के प्रत्येक पंक्ति के व्याख्या को देखेंगे और पढ़ेंगे। जिसके लेखक Mahadevi Verma हैं।
MAHADEVI VERMA (1907-1987) was a leading poetess of the Chayavadi School of poetry in Hindi. She was also a well-known storywriter and editor of the famous Hindi weekly “Chand”. Some of her important works include Deep Shikha; Yama, Nihar (Poetry) Shrinkhla ki Kadiyan, Mera Pariwar. She was the receipient of Mangla Prasad Prize, Bharat Bharti Award and the Jnanpith Award along with Padma Bhushan. She was elected Fellow of the Sahitya Akademy.
महादेवी वर्मा (1907-87) हिन्दी की छायावादी काव्यधारा की प्रमुख कवियित्री थी। वह प्रख्यात कथालेखक और ख्यात हिन्दी साप्ताहिक ‘चान्द’ का सम्पादक भी थी। उनके कुछ महत्वपूर्ण कृतियों में दीप शिखा, यामा, निहार (काव्य), श्रृंखला की कडि़याँ, मेरा परिवार सम्मिलित है। पद्मभूषण के साथ-साथ वह मंगला प्रसाद पुरस्कार, भारत भारती पारितोषिक और ज्ञानपीठ पारितोषिक की प्राप्त करने वाली थी। वह साहित्य अकादमी की सदस्य निर्वाचित हुई थी।
Unexpectedly, one morning, when I entered the verandah from the room, I saw two crows playfully poking their beaks at the flowerpots, as if engaged in the game of hide and seek.
अचानक एक दिन सवेरे कमरे से बरामदे में आकर मैंने देखा, दो कौवे एक गमले के चारों ओर चोंचो से लुका- छुपी जैसा खेल खेल रहे हैं।
Suddenly, my assiduous critique of this mythical tale of the crow was intercepted by my gaze that fell on this tiny being, lying hidden in the
gap at the junction of the pot with the wall.
Moving closer, I saw that it was a tiny baby squirrel that must have accidentally fallen down from a nest and was now being considered by the crows to be an easy prey. Having sustained two wounds due to the assault by the pair of crows was enough for this tiny being and he was now motionless, clinging to the pot.
अचानक, मेरी धार्मिक सोच इन कौओं के बारे में बदल गई जब मैंने एक जीव को गमले और दीवाल के बीच दुबक के पड़े देखा। सामने जाकर देखा वो एक छोटा गिलहरी था जो गलती से अपने घर से निकल आया था और अब इनका आसान शिकार था। कौओं का दो वार बहुत था वो अब बिना हिले गमले से चिपका पड़ा था।
Everyone remarked that as he would not survive after having been so assaulted by the crows, he be left alone. But, my mind refused to accede to their views, and therefore, I gently lifted him up and brought him to my room, and after wiping the blood from his wounds with cotton wool, applied Penicillin ointment.
I tried to feed him by somehow putting a thin cotton wool wick, dipped in milk to his mouth, but he was unable to open his mouth and the drops of milk only slid down from both sides. Only after several hours of tending could I manage to pour one drop of water in his mouth. But, on the third day he became so much better and assured that he would use his two tiny claws to hold my finger and gaze all around with his blue, glass-beads-like eyes. And in three-four months, he astonished everyone with his smooth fur, bushy tail and naughty, refulgent eyes.
सबने कहा कि अब ये नहीं बचेगा। पर मेरा दिमाग इसे नहीं मान रहा था। इसलिए मैंने धीरे से उसे उठाया और कमरे में ले गया। उसके घाव रूई से पोछने के बाद, उसे पेनिसीलीन का मलहम लगाया।
मैंने उसे खिलाने की पूरी कोशिश की। एक रूई को दूध में डुबो कर उसके मुँह तक लाया लेकिन वो मुँह नहीं खोल पा रहा था। तो दूध दोनों तरफ गिर रहा था। उसे बहुत घंटों तक प्रयास करने के बाद ही मैं उसे पानी का एक बूंद पिला सका। लेकिन तीन दिन में वो इतना ठीक हो गया था कि वो मेरी ऊंगली पकर कर घूम रहा था और अपने मोती वाले आँखों से इधर-उधर घूर रहा था। तीन-चार महिनों में वो आश्चर्यजनक हो गया था उसके बाल बहुत हो गए थे, पूँछ लम्बी हो गई थी और वो बहुत शरारती हो गया था।
A transformation from common to proper noun followed and we started calling him, Gillu! I hung a light-weight flower basket lined with cotton wool on the window with the help of a wire. For two years, this was Gillu’s abode. All were pleasantly astonished at his antics and intellect.
जातिवाचक संज्ञा से व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा का रुपान्तरण होने लगा और हम उसे ‘गिल्लु’ कह के बुलाने लगे। मैंने एक हल्के वजन का फूल की टोकड़ी रूई के साथ एक तार के सहारे खिड़की में टांगा। दो वर्षों तक गिल्लु यहीं रहता था। सब उसके अजीब स्वभाव और बुद्धि से अचम्भीत थे।
When I would sit down to write, he would be seized by such an acute desire to attract my attention that he devised a novel way of doing it. He would venture close to my feet, go swiftly up the curtains and descend with the same breakneck speed. This sequence would continue till the time I got up to catch him. On some occasions, I used to hold Gillu and put his tiny body in a long envelope. Sometimes, he would continue to stand on the table leaning against the wall in such an amazing condition for hours, and watch my activities with his radiant eyes.
जब मैं लिखने बैठती तो उसकी इच्छा होती कि वो मुझे अपने तरफ आकर्षित करे और इसका एक नायाब तरीका भी उसने खोज रखा था। वो मेरे पैरों के पास आकर बैठता और तेजी से पर्दे हटाता और उसी तेजी से वापस आता। जब तक मैं उसे पकड़ने नहीं जाऊँ वो ऐसा करता रहता। कभी-कभी वो टेबल पर दिवार से टेक लगाकर खड़ा रहता है कई घंटों तक और मेरी गतिविधियों को देखा करता है।
When hungry, he would inform me by twittering ‘chik-chik, and after having received some biscuits or Kaju. I wondered with the twittering of chik-chik, what transpired between him and the other squirrels that were often spotted near the wire-meshed window! Seeing Gillu sitting near the window and affectionately peering at the world outside, made me realise that it was necessary to set him free.
जब वो भूखा रहता है तो वो अपनी चीक-चीक के आवाज से मुझे संकेत देता है। वो दूसरे गिलहरीयों को देखता रहता। खिड़की से बाहर वो दुनिया को एक आशा भरी नजर से देखता तो मुझे लगा कि इसका आजाद होना जरूरी है।
By removing some nails, I made a small opening in a corner of the wire-mesh and, on being able to go out from this opening Gillu was thrilled to be liberated.
कुछ कील हटाकर मैंने ऐसा कर दिया कि वो बाहर आ जाए। वो आजाद होने के सोच से बहुत खुश था।
Due to my important papers and letters, my room used to remain locked in my absence. The moment the room was opened on my return from college and I stepped in, Gillu would rush on to me and climb up and down from my head to toe. Since then, this had become a regular practice. On my leaving the room, Gillu would also make an exit through the wire-mesh opening of the window. He would spend the whole day with his lot, jumping and prancing up and down the branches.
मेरी अनुपस्थिति में मेरे कमरे को बन्द रखा जाता है क्योंकि उसमें बहुत तरह के कागज रहते हैं। जैसे ही मैं कॉलेज से घर आती और कमरा खोलती वो वहाँ दौड़ कर आता और मेरे सिर से पांव तक ऊपर से नीचे करता। उस समय से ये उसकी आदत बन गई थी। वो मेरे ही साथ बाहर आता और अपना दिन अपने साथियों के साथ बीताता, कूदता और झपट्ता रहता पेड़ के तनों पर।
I have several pet animals and birds and all of them are quite fond of me, but I don’t remember any of them daring to eat from my plate.
मेरे बहुत पालतु जानवर और पक्षी हैं पर किसी की हिम्मत नहीं होती है कि मेरे प्लेट से कोई खा ले।
Gillu was an exception. The moment I would reach the dining room, he would emerge from the window, cross over the courtyard wall and the verandah, reach the table and would want to sit in my plate. With great difficulty, I taught him to sit close to my plate. His favourite food was Kaju and when not available for several days, he would refuse other food items and threw them down from the swing.
गिल्लु एक अपवाद था। जैसे ही मैं बरामदे से खाने के मेज पर आता वो भी वहाँ आ जाता। आंगन की दीवाल पार करता, टेबुल पर पहुंचता। और मेरे प्लेट से खाने की कोशिश करता। बहुत मुश्किल से मैंने उसे सिखाया कि वो प्लेट के सामने बैठे। उसका सबसे प्यारा भोजन काजू था। और अगर बहुत दिन से उसे ये नहीं मिलता तो वो दूसरे चीजों को भी खाने से मना कर देता और अपने झुले से उन्हें फेंक देता।
Around that time, being injured in a motor car accident, I had to spend some days in the hospital. Those days, whenever my room was opened, Gillu would rush down from his swing, but on seeing somebody else, he would, with the same alacrity, scuttle back to sit in his nest. Everyone would offer him Kaju, but when I cleaned up his swing on my return from the hospital, I discovered it was full of Kaju, which only showed how little he was eating his favourite food those days! During the course of my indisposition, he would sit near my head on my pillow and gently stroke my forehead and hair, and his moving away was like the going away of a nurse or attendant!
उन्हीं दिनों मेरे एक दुर्घटना के कारण मुझे अस्पताल में रहना पडा। जब भी मेरे कमरे का दरवाजा खुलता वो अन्दर आता पर किसी और को वहाँ देख कर वापस अपने घोंसले में बैठ जाता। उसे सभी काजू देते और जब मैं घर लौट कर सफाई कर रहा था तो उसके झुले में बहुत सारा काजू मिला क्योंकि उन दिनों वो अपने मनपसन्द चीज को भी कम खाता था। जब मैं आराम करता तो वो मेरे तकिया के पास आता और धीरे-धीरे मेरे सिर को सहलाता। ऐसा लगता मैं किसी नर्स के पास हूँ।
When I used to work during summer afternoons, Gillu would abstain from going outside or sitting in his swing. To keep himself close to me and also to tackle the summer heat, he had discovered a totally new method. He would lie prostrate on the surahi kept near me and thus remain cool and also close to me!
जब मैं गर्मी के अपराह्न में काम करती वो भी बाहर नहीं जाता। अपने आप को मेरे करीब रखने के लिए और गर्मी के ताप का समाधान करने के लिए भी, उसने एक नायाब तरीका निकाला था। मेरे सामने रखे सुराही पर वो बैठ जाता जिससे वो मेरे करीब भी रहता और ठंडा उसे प्राप्त होते रहता।
Squirrels have a life span of barely two years; as such, Gillu’s lease of life finally came to an end. For the whole day, he neither ate nor ventured out. In the night, even with the pain of going away, he came to my bed from the swing, and clutched the same finger with his icy claws, which he had clung to, in his near death-like state during his natal days.
The claws were getting so cold that I switched on the heater and tried to give him some warmth. But, as the first ray of the morning touched him, he departed.
गिलहरीयों का जीवन दो वर्ष मुश्किल से रहता है। एक दिन गिल्लु का भी समय खत्म हो गया। उस दिन उसने कुछ खाया नहीं, झुले से मेरे पास आ गया, और दर्द में भी मेरे ऊंगली को पकड़े रखा। वो इतना ठंडा पड़ गया कि मैं हीटर से उसे गर्म कर रहा था पर सुबह की पहली किरण के साथ वो हमेशा के लिए चला गया।
His swing was taken off the hook and the opening made in the wire-mesh window was closed.
उसका झुला उतारा गया और घोसले के दरवाजे को बंद कर दिया गया।
Gillu was put to eternal rest under the Sonjuhi creeper-both, because he loved this creeper most and also because of the satisfaction I derive from my belief that some spring day I will find him flowering and blossoming in the guise of a tiny yellow Juhi flower!
गिल्लु की समाधि सोन जुही की लता के नीचे बनाई गई, इसलिए भी कि उसे वह लता सबसे अधिक प्रिय थी, इसलिए भी की उसे लघुगात का, किसी बासंती दिन, जुही के पीतभ छोटे फूल में खिल जाने का विश्वास, मुझे संतोष देता है।
Questions and Answers : -
B.1. Answer the following questions briefly : -
Q.1 How did Gillu sustain wounds?
Ans - Two crows had pierced Gillu’s body with their beaks, making him an easy target for them to eat.
Q.2 Who started calling the tiny baby squirrel as Gillu?
Ans - The poetess began referring to the little squirrel cub as “Gillu.”
Q.3 Which ointment was applied on the wounds of the tiny baby squirrel?
Ans - The tiny baby squirrel’s wounds were treated with pencillin ointment.
Q.4 What does the transformation from the common to the proper noun imply? What difference does the name make it’s?
Ans - The switch from a common to proper noun implies the identity of a person or thing. It speaks of a thing or person’s character or nature. A man can be quickly recognised by name and among other people. When someone, somewhere, or something is given a name, that name transforms into a proper noun and identifies that particular individual, location, or thing.
B.2. Answer the following questions briefly : -
Q.1 How would gillu inform that he was hungry?
Ans - Gillu would tweet the narrator to let him know when he was hungry and would make the sound “chik-chik” after receiving some biscuits or even kaju, that is cashew nuts.
Q.2 What prompted the narrator to set gillu free?
Ans - Observing Gillu sitting close to the window and smilingly scanning the landscape. The narrator realised that freeing Gillu was essential after going outside.
Q.3 What is the lifespan of squirrels?
Ans - Squirrels only live for about two years.
Q.4 What was gillu’s favourite food?
Ans - Kaju was one of Gillu’s favourite foods.
Q.5 When was his swing taken off?
Ans - After his passing, Gillu’s swing was removed.
C.1. Long answer questions : -
Q.1 What does the narrator do with the wounded squirrel?
Ans - The narrator lifted the squirrel and brought it to her room and cleaned its wound. With cotton wool and applied a penicillin ointment the narrator also tried to feed it. She used a cotton wool wick and dipped it in milk and put it in his mouth however the squirrel was unable to have it and only the drops of milk could reach into its mouth.. She also tried to pour water into his mouth drop by drop. It was on the third day that he was in a better condition and tried to get hold of the narrator’s finger through its tiny claws. it looked around with his eyes and everyone was amazed to see it smooth fur its tail and naughty eyes
Q.2 How did the narrator make the tiny baby squirrel hale and hearty?
Ans - The squirrel was found in a very bad condition and its wound had blood over it. The narrator cleaned the wound with cotton wool and applied penicillin ointment. It was nested in a flowered basket. And kept near the window he was given Nutritious food like kaju and biscuits. He was not only given food but also he was looked after and cared for. The narrator happened to grow a bond with her and even kept a name for it. The narrator was amused at his behaviour. with proper care the baby squirrel became hale and hearty.
Q.3 Gillu took little food during the indisposition of the narrator what does this suggest?
Ans - We see that the squirrel had been saved by the narrator and upon receiving affection care and nutrients from her he started feeling better. This shows that an affectionate bond of a pet and her owner was found between them. During the disposition of the narrator we see that the squirrel did not like anything during that time. He had little food at that time. This goes to show that animals. Very well understand human feelings especially when they are attached with them. Over here the squirrel wanted to show her solidarity and was upset along with her.
Q.4 Do you have any pet animal? How does it show concern for you?
Ans - Yes, I had a pet dog long ago. His name was Goldie, he was a golden retriever. He was loved by me and all of my family members. He was adored by all of us. Whenever I was upset, or didn’t brush his back regularly he used to come up to me and wag his tail near me and tried to sit on my lap. He used to look at me with his beady eyes and bark mildly. This was his way of showing concern.
Q.5 What did the narrator feel at the death of Gillu? Describe her feelings in your own words?
Ans - We see that the author had spent quite some time with Gillu and had formed a deep connection with it. She was very disturbed with its depth and the memory of Gillu kept coming back to her. it came to her like a shock and she buried him under a tree. And the flowers of the tree blossomed and it reminded her of Gillu. She had brought him up as if it were her own son.
Q.6 In what condition did the narrator find Gillu? What did she do with it? What would you do in a similar situation?
Ans - The narrator found Gillu in a pitiful condition, he was lying on the ground wounded and bleeding. He took him with her. Cared for it and tended to its wound.She cleaned its wounds with cotton wool and applied penicillin ointment, she tried to feed him. In a condition when he couldn’t open his mouth. She nursed him to good health, she fed him nutritious foods like kaju and biscuits. She took great interest in galey’s daily activities .However after two years Gillu died and the narrator deeply grieved his death. She buried him under son Juhi creeper. When the flowers of the creeper blossomed she believed that it was Gillu. If I was in a similar position as her, grieving would be a natural thing for me too and I would live on with the loving memory of my favourite pet.
C.2. Group discussion : -
Discuss the following in groups or pairs :
Q.a animals / birds can be a good companion to men.
Ans - Even though animals and birds cannot speak in the language humans converse in, they have their own way of expressing love and care. animals when provided with proper care and love tend to become very loyal towards their owner. It is believed that when a human spends quite some time with an animal and cohabits with it, the animal almost becomes an inseparable member of that person’s family.
C.3.Composition
Q.a. Write a paragraph in about 100 words on relation between men and birds.
Ans - Birds and men have had a deep connection as well as different connections. Man has been known for its cruelty against birds, it has kept them gagged in captivity. Just to admire its beauty. however there have been a few positive instances as well. birds have also been used as messengers to convey important messages in the days where electronic communication wasn’t yet discovered. Man has also appreciated the beautiful songs of birds, it’s chirping. men have looked at birds with admiration in their eyes.
Q.b. write a letter to the editor of a newspaper drawing his attention to the gradual extension of certain birds in the locality also suggests some measures to be taken to preserve the birds stop
To,
The editor,
The Times of India.
Respected Sir,
I am Rajeev Mishra and the intention of my letter is to bring to your notice that in my locality in Delhi some recent happenings have been disturbing me as well as oh few bird lovers like me. Our locality is known for being home to various green patches. For several years different species of bird have been migrating to our area. And have been inhabiting it. As an enthusiastic photographer I kept a record of all of it. it is very recently that the dead bodies of quite a few species of bird have been discovered near our homes. The specific reason has not been known. but it can be suspected that due to the installation of towers nearby and the harmful signals from them could have been the reason for their death. If this continues the remaining species might get extinct. It is my earnest request that you establish this as an alarming issue in your esteemed daily .
Yours faithfully,
Rajeev Mishra
D. Word Study
D.1. Dictionary Use : -
Ex.1. Correct the spelling of the following words :
Sudenly, pencilin, biscuit, faverite, squirel, exeption, spoted, invelop, pillo
Answer - Suddenly, Penicillin, Biscuit, Favourite, Squirrel, Exception, Spotted, Envelope, Pillow, Belief.
Ex.2. Transcript the following words in phonetic alphabet as given in the dictionary : -
He, Be, Seek, Beek, Room, Hook, My, By, Gap, Have
Answer:
Words — Phonetic
He – hi
Be – fi
Seek – sik
Beek – bih
Room – r m
Hook – hk
My – mai
By – fai
Gap – gaep
Have -haev
D.2. Word Formation : -
Read carefully the following sentences taken from the lesson :
(a) I gently lifted him up and brought him to my room.
(b) All were pleasantly astonished at his antics.
In the first sentence the word ‘gently’ is an Adverb which is derived from the Word (Adjective) ‘gentle’. The new word has been made by adding the suffix’- ly’ to it. Similarly, in the second sentence ‘pleasantly’ is an Adverb which is derived from the Adjective ‘pleasant’ by adding the suffix ‘-ly’ to it.
Ex.1. Now make Adverbs from the following Adjectives by adding the suffix -‘ly’ to them : -
glad, nice, accurate, love, accident, sudden, swift, affectionate total time, bad, sad, beautiful, prompt, intelligent, perfect. profound, polite, dear.
Answer:
Adjectives — Adverbs
Glad — gladly
Nice — nicely
Accurate — accurately
Love — lovely
Accident — accidently
Sudden — suddenly
Swift — swiftly
Affectionate — affectionately
Total — totally
Time — timely
Bad — badly
Sad — sadly
Beautiful — beautifully
Prompt — promptly
Intelligent — intelligently
Perfect — perfectly
Profound — profoundly
Polite — politely
Dear — dearly
D.3. Word - Meaning : -
Ex.1. Find out from the lesson the words, the meanings of which have been given in column A. The last few letters of each word have been given in column B.
A B
Sudden attack …….ault
eager and cheerful readiness …..rity
lasting forever …….nal
queer and typical behavior ……tics
lying on the ground ….rate.
Answer:
A B
Sudden attack — assault
eager and cheerful readiness — alocrity
lasting for ever — eternal .
queer and typical behaviour — antics
Lying on the ground — prostrate
Ex.2. Fill in the blanks with words given below : -
Verandah, basket, twittering, swing. free, remarked.
1.) When I entered the…………..from the room.
2.) I hung a lightweight flower…………………
3.) He would inform me by…………………..
4.) It was necessary to set him……..
5.) Gilluwas an…………………….
6.) His…………..was taken off the hook.
7.) I saw two crows……….poking their heads at the flowerpots.
8.) Everyone………that he would not survive.
Answer:
1. verandah, 2. basket, 3. twittering, 4. free, 5. exception, 6. swing, 7. playfully, 8. remarked
D.4. Phrases : -
Ex.1. Read the lesson carefully and find out the sentences in which the following phrases have been used. Then use these phrases in sentences of your own.
Unexpectedly, hide and seek, wiping blood, glass-beads like eyes, breakneck speed, the wire-mesh opening, during the course, as well as.
Answer - unexpectedly:- i came across her the street quite unexpectedly!
Hide and seek - It seems as if the thief and the police were playing hide and seek, given that the thief hasn’t still been caught
Wiping blood - After the minor accident my friend was wiping her blood when I arrived to take her to the hospital
Glass beads Like yes - my friend’s dog has glass beads like eyes.
Breakneck speed - it was too risky to cross the street, since all the cars were driving at a breakneck speed
The wire mesh opening - the window had a wire mesh opening to allow ventilation
During the course - During the course of history no other ruler was as ill reputed as the infamous Bloody Mary.
As well as - Me as well as my mother have both completed our bachelor’s in English.
E. Grammar : -
E.1. Read carefully the sentences given below : -
(1). When I entered the verandah from the room, I saw two crows playfully poking their beaks at the flowerspot.
(2). I used to hold Gillu and I put his tiny body in a long envelope. You see that sentence No.1 consists of two clauses or simple sentences. These two sentences are combined by using a Relative pronoun ‘when’. Similarly, sentence 2 also consists of two sentences combined by the conjunction ‘and’. There are many ways to combine two or more than two sentences into one. Such a process in Grammar is called ‘synthesis’ or ‘combination’.
Following is the list of some conjunctions or sentence connectors : -
And but or either or Neither-nor since
because though as besides as long therefore
hence having seeing so now being
when whenever wherever despite as soon as no sooner
Ex.1. Now combine the following sentences into one sentence : -
1.) She came, she took her lunch:
2.) He got first class. He laboured hard.
3.) Sheela was suffering from fever. She could not attend school.
4.) The teacher entered the class. He started teaching.
Answer:
1.) She came and took her lunch.
2.) He laboured so hard that he got first class.
3.) Sheela could not attend her school because she was suffering from fever.
4.) As soon as the teacher entered the class he started teaching.
Chapter 4 Coming Soon
उम्मीद है, आपको बिहार बोर्ड के सभी अध्याय का सही और सटीक जानकारी इस वेबसाइट पर देखने को मिला होगा, जिससे आपको अपने पढाई की तैयारी में सही ढंग से मदद मिला होगा।
यदि आपको बिहार बोर्ड कक्षा 10 के इंग्लिश बुक से सम्बंधित कोई समस्या आती है, तो आप हमें कमेंट के माध्यम से पुछ सकते है, हम आपको इसका जबाब जरुर देंगे। आपका बहुत - बहुत धन्यवाद।
